Kewajiban Negara dalam Mengimplementasikan Tunjangan Pengangguran Berdasarkan ILO Convention No. 102 Tahun 1952 dalam Perspektif Hukum Internasional

Abstract

Unemployment is a social risk that cannot be avoided in the modern economic system and has a significant impact on individual welfare and the social stability of a country.  Therefore, protection against unemployment has developed into an important part of social security systems recognized in international law. This research aims to analyze the state's obligations in implementing unemployment benefits based on ILO Convention No.  102 of 1952 from the perspective of international law. This research uses normative legal methods with a statutory approach, conceptual approach and historical approach. The research results show that unemployment benefits are part of the right to social security guaranteed in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights 1948, International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights 1966, and ILO Convention No. 102 of 1952. The state has an obligation to respect, protect and fulfill the right to social security through the establishment of an effective and sustainable social protection system. A state's failure to carry out these obligations can give rise to legal consequences in the form of international responsibility. Therefore, the implementation of unemployment benefits is a manifestation of the principles of a welfare state as well as a form of fulfilling state obligations in international law.