Pengaruh Profitabilitas dan Leverage terhadap Corporate Social Responsibility dengan Ukuran Perusahaan sebagai Moderator
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.58192/profit.v5i2.4225Keywords:
CSR Disclosure, Firm Size, Leverage, Moderation, Mining, ProfitabilityAbstract
. The purpose of this study is to examine how profitability and leverage affect Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) disclosure in mining companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during the 2022–2024 period. In addition, this study also investigates the role of firm size as a moderating variable. Using a purposive sampling technique, 75 observations from 25 companies were obtained as research data. Moderation Regression Analysis (MRA) was employed to analyze panel data regression. The results show that leverage and profitability partially have a positive effect on CSR disclosure. Furthermore, the interaction variables between leverage and firm size (DER_LN) and profitability and firm size (ROA_LN) are also significant. These findings indicate that firm size moderates and strengthens the relationship between the two independent variables and CSR disclosure. Based on sub-group analysis, large companies (above the median) show a negative effect of profitability on CSR, while small companies (below the median) show positive effects of both leverage and profitability. The results support Stakeholder Theory, which suggests that larger firms face more complex challenges in legitimizing their CSR disclosures. This study provides strategic guidance for company management in designing CSR disclosures that align with the scale and financial condition of the organization.
References
Andreas, H. H., & Chang, M. L. (2025). Profitability, leverage, and disclosure of corporate social responsibility in Indonesian companies. Review of Integrative Business and Economics Research, 14(4), 458–469.
Carroll, A. B. (1991). The pyramid of corporate social responsibility: Toward the moral management of organizational stakeholders. Business Horizons, 34(4), 39–48. https://doi.org/10.1016/0007-6813(91)90005-G
Carroll, A. B., & Shabana, K. M. (2010). The business case for corporate social responsibility: A review of concepts, research and practice. International Journal of Management Reviews, 12(1), 85–105. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2370.2009.00275.x
Elkington, J. (1997). Cannibals with forks: The triple bottom line of 21st century business. Capstone. https://doi.org/10.1002/tqem.3310080106
European Commission. (2011). A renewed EU strategy 2011–14 for corporate social responsibility.
Fajarini, D., Sulistiowati, S., & Rahmawati, A. (2024). Analisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi pengungkapan CSR pada perusahaan pertambangan yang terdaftar di BEI. Jurnal Ilmiah Akuntansi dan Keuangan, 6(5), 2890–2905.
Fitriasari, D., & Meirini, D. (2014). Pengaruh leverage, profitabilitas, ukuran perusahaan dan kepemilikan saham publik terhadap pengungkapan corporate social responsibility (CSR). Jurnal Akuntansi dan Keuangan, 3(1), 1–15.
Freeman, R. E. (1984). Strategic management: A stakeholder approach. Pitman.
Global Reporting Initiative. (2021). GRI standards.
Gray, R., Kouhy, R., & Lavers, S. (1995). Corporate social and environmental reporting: A review of the literature and a longitudinal study. Accounting, Auditing & Accountability Journal, 8(2), 47–77. https://doi.org/10.1108/09513579510146996
Hackston, D., & Milne, M. J. (1996). Some determinants of social and environmental disclosures in New Zealand companies. Accounting, Auditing & Accountability Journal, 9(1), 77–108. https://doi.org/10.1108/09513579610109987
International Organization for Standardization. (2010). ISO 26000: Guidance on social responsibility.
Jenkins, H., & Yakovleva, N. (2006). Corporate social responsibility in the mining industry: Exploring trends in social and environmental disclosure. Journal of Cleaner Production, 14(3–4), 271–284. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2004.10.004
Kapitan, V. S., & Ikram, S. (2022). The influence of profitability and leverage on corporate social responsibility disclosure. Journal of Accounting Auditing and Business, 2(2), 14. https://doi.org/10.24198/jaab.v2i2.22505
Kementerian Energi dan Sumber Daya Mineral. (2023). Laporan kinerja Kementerian Energi dan Sumber Daya Mineral tahun 2023.
McWilliams, A., & Siegel, D. (2001). Corporate social responsibility: A theory of the firm perspective. Academy of Management Review, 26(1), 117–127. https://doi.org/10.2307/259398
Nasih, M., Harymawan, I., Paramitasari, Y. I., & Handayani, A. (2022). Carbon emissions, firm size, and corporate governance structure: Evidence from the mining and agricultural industries in Indonesia. Sustainability, 11(9). https://doi.org/10.3390/su11092483
Porter, M. E., & Kramer, M. R. (2006). Strategy and society: The link between competitive advantage and corporate social responsibility. Harvard Business Review, 84(12), 78–92.
Sembiring, E. R. (2005). Karakteristik perusahaan dan pengungkapan tanggung jawab sosial: Studi empiris pada perusahaan yang tercatat di Bursa Efek Jakarta. Jurnal Akuntansi dan Keuangan Indonesia, 2(1), 71–95. https://doi.org/10.21002/jaki.2005.08
Suchman, M. C. (1995). Managing legitimacy: Strategic and institutional approaches. Academy of Management Review, 20(3), 571–610. https://doi.org/10.2307/258788
Theofilus, S., Sumarli, S., & Syaifuddin, S. (2019). Analisis penerapan program corporate social responsibility (CSR) dalam mengurangi waste pada PT Antam Tbk. UBPN Sultra. Mandalika: Journal of Social Science, 1(1), 14–25.
United Nations. (2015). Transforming our world: The 2030 agenda for sustainable development.
Waddock, S. A., & Graves, S. B. (1997). The corporate social performance–financial performance link. Strategic Management Journal, 18(4), 303–319. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1097-0266(199704)18:4<303::AID-SMJ869>3.0.CO;2-G
World Bank. (2020). Corporate social responsibility and sustainable development.
Yusra, I., & Hadya, R. (2021). Pengaruh profitabilitas, leverage, dan ukuran perusahaan terhadap pengungkapan corporate social responsibility. Jurnal Pundi, 5(2), 235–248. https://doi.org/10.31575/jp.v5i2.361
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Profit: Jurnal Manajemen, Bisnis dan Akuntansi
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
