Ekstraktivisme di Indonesia dalam Perspektif Etika Politik Pembangunan Peter L. Berger

Abstract

This study aims to analyze extractivist practices in Indonesia through the lens of Peter L. Berger’s political ethics of development. The primary focus of this study is to examine how development based on the exploitation of natural resources not only causes ecological impacts but also gives rise to social injustice and a narrowing of the space for public participation. This study employs a qualitative research method using a literature review approach through the analysis of various literature, scientific journals, policy documents, and data related to extractivist practices in Indonesia. The results indicate that extractivist practices in Indonesia remain oriented toward an economic growth paradigm that ignores human costs, as criticized by Berger through the concepts of the “calculus of pain” and the “calculus of meaning.” Mining activities and the exploitation of natural resources have been proven to cause environmental damage, socio-economic inequality, the marginalization of indigenous communities, and the loss of social and cultural values among local communities. Furthermore, extractive development also reveals a lack of community involvement in the decision-making process. Therefore, a development paradigm that is more humanistic, democratic, and ecological is needed so that development no longer makes humans and the environment the victims of economic growth.